1. Ackerman correction factor in condensation, 2.6.3-9
1. critical heat flux in flow in, 2.7.3-28 - 2.7.3-33
2. forced convective heat transfer in single phase flow:
1. laminar flow, 2.5.1-13 - 2.5.1-14
2. with liquid metals, 2.5.13-1 - 2.5.13-2
3. free convective heat transfer in closed-end: horizontal, 2.5.8-14 - 2.5.8-16
4. heat transfer to liquid metals in, 2.5.13-2 - 2.5.13-3
5. single phase flow and pressure drop in, 2.2.2-8 - 2.2.2-10
1. laminar flow, 2.2.2-8 - 2.2.2-9
3. Annular flow (liquid-liquid), 2.3.5-10 - 2.3.5-14
4. Boilers:
1. as type of heat exchanger, 1.1.5-2
2. combustion systems for firing, 3.11.2-3 - 3.11.2-5
3. fouling in, 3.17.7-12 - 3.17.7-14
4. waste heat, 3.16.1-1 - 3.16.4-2
5. Boiling:
1. augmentation of heat transfer in, 2.7.9-1 - 2.7.9-48
1. pool boiling, 2.7.9-1 - 2.7.9-10
2. prediction methods for, 2.7.9-30 - 2.7.9-40
2. in axial flow reboilers, 3.6.2-8 - 3.6.2-13
3. basic processes, 2.7.1-1 - 2.7.1-15
1. bubble detachment and frequency, 2.7.1-10 - 2.7.1-12
2. bubble growth, 2.7.1-7 - 2.7.1-10
3. evaporation, 2.7.1-2 - 2.7.1-3
4. heterogeneous nucleation, 2.7.1-5 - 2.7.1-7
5. homogeneous nucleation, 2.7.1-3 - 2.7.1-4
4. direct contact, 2.10.3-1 - 2.10.3-4
5. of binary and multicomponent mixtures: basic process in, 2.7.6-1 - 2.7.6-9
8. in horizontal tubes, 2.7.4-1 - 2.7.4-8
1. critical heat flux in, 2.7.4-7 - 2.7.4-8
2. flow patterns in, 2.7.4-1 - 2.7.4-4
3. annular flow, 2.7.4-3 - 2.7.4-4
5. intermittent flow, 2.7.4-2 - 2.7.4-3
7. heat transfer coefficients in, 2.7.4-4 - 2.7.4-5
10. in kettle and horizontal thermosiphon reboilers, 3.6.2-1 - 3.6.2-6
11. in microchannels, 2.13.4-1 - 2.13.4-27
1. critical heat flux in, 2.13.4-19 - 2.13.4-23
2. in flow in, 2.13.4-6 - 2.13.4-13
3. models for, 2.13.4-13 - 2.13.4-14
4. onset of nucleate boiling in, 2.13.4-14 - 2.13.4-16
5. pressure drop in, 2.13.4-16 - 2.13.4-19
12. in plate heat exchangers, 3.7.3-5
13. pool boiling, 2.7.2-1 - 2.7.2-24
2. critical heat flux in, 2.7.2-13 - 2.7.2-17
3. film boiling in, 2.7.2-18 - 2.7.2-20
4. minimum heat flux in, 2.7.2-18
5. nucleate boiling in, 2.7.2-3 - 2.7.2-13
14. outside tubes and tube bundles, 2.7.5-1 - 2.7.5-14
15. outside tubes and tube bundles, 3.6.2-1 - 3.6.2-13
16. single tube in crossflow, 2.7.5-1 - 2.7.5-5
1. tube bundles, 2.7.5-5 - 2.7.5-11
8. Boiling number, definition, 2.7.4-5
9. Boiling point, normal, 5.1.3-7 - 5.1.3-12
10. Boiling range (in multicomponent mixtures):
11. Boiling surface in boiling in vertical tubes, 2.7.3-5
12. Boiling Water Reactor (BWR), fouling problems in, 3.17.9-6 - 3.17.9-8
13. Bolted channel head in shell-and-tube exchanger, 4.2.4-1
14. Bolted cone head in shell-and-tube heat exchanger, 4.2.4-2
15. Bolting, 4.13.1-1 - 4.13.6-3
1. applied bolt load, 4.13.4-1 - 4.13.4-3
2. bolt characteristics, 4.13.2-1
16. Bubble flow:
1. drift flux model for, in vertical flow, 2.3.2-18 - 2.3.2-19
2. in boiling in horizontal tubes, 2.7.4-2
3. regions of occurrence: in horizontal flow, 2.3.2-2 - 2.3.2-4
17. Bubble-type direct-contact condensers, 3.20.4-1 - 3.20.4-5
1. effect of noncondensable vapors in, 3.20.4-2
2. Florschuetz and Chao equation for bubble collapse in, 3.20.4-1
3. Jacobs and Major model for condensation of bubbles forming immiscible liquids in, 3.20.4-1
4. use as vapor suppression system, 3.20.4-4
5. Wittke and Chao model for collapse of moving bubble in, 3.20.4-1
18. Bubbles:
1. formation of, 3.19.2-1 - 3.19.2-4
2. in boiling of binary mixtures: growth, 2.7.6-5 - 2.7.6-7
3. in boiling of single components: detachment and frequency, 2.7.1-10 - 2.7.1-12
4. indirect contact heat transfer, 2.10.2-4 - 2.10.2-6
5. in fluidized beds, 2.2.6-8 - 2.2.6-12
6. in foam systems, 2.12.1-4 - 2.12.1-5
7. in gas-liquid flow: horizontal tubes, 2.3.2-2 - 2.3.2-4
1. vertical tubes, 2.3.1-1 - 2.3.2-2
2. vertical tubes, 2.3.2-18 - 2.3.2-19
3. on solid surface, simulation of using molecular dynamics methods, 2.13.7-16 - 2.13.7-17
8. rise velocity of gas bubbles in liquid, 2.3.2-18 - 2.3.2-19
19. Cavitation as source of damage in heat exchangers, 4.5.3-1
20. Churn flow, regions of occurrence of, 2.3.2-1 - 2.3.2-2
21. CISE correlations for void fractions, 2.3.2-14 - 2.3.2-15
22. Coalescence of bubbles in fluidized beds, 2.2.6-9 - 2.2.6-10
23. Cocurrent flow:
24. Combined heat and mass transfer, 2.1.6-1 - 2.1.6-4
1. in condensation of mixtures, 2.1.6-2 - 2.1.6-4
2. in drying, 2.1.6-1 - 2.1.6-2
3. in evaporation of binary and multicomponent mixtures, 2.7.8-2 - 2.7.8-5
25. Compressed liquids, density of:
26. Condensation:
1. augmentation of heat transfer in, 2.6.6-1 - 2.6.6-32
1. axial wire attachments for, 2.6.6-9
4. electric fields in, 2.6.6-13
5. fluted tubes for, 2.6.6-6 - 2.6.6-9
6. Gregoric surfaces in, 2.6.6-4
7. in dropwise condensation, 2.6.6-5
8. in plate type heat exchangers, 2.6.6-23
9. integral (low fin) tubes for 2.6.6-15 - 2.2.6-17
10. integral (low fin) tubes for 2.6.6-9 - 2.6.6-12
11. internally finned tubes for 2.6.6-17
12. internally finned tubes for 2.6.6-24
13. micro-fin tubes for 2.6.6-18 - 2.6.6-20
14. micro-fin tubes for 2.6.6-25
15. non-wetting surfaces for, 2.6.6-5 - 2.6.6-6
16. roughness effects in 2.6.6-22
17. roughness effects in 2.6.6-25
18. roughness effects in 2.6.6-6
19. surface tension effects in, 2.6.6-3 - 2.6.6-8
20. twisted tape inserts for 2.6.6-21
2. combined heat and mass transfer in, 2.1.6-2 - 2.1.6-4
3. condensate subcooling in, 2.6.3-16 - 2.6.3-17
5. direct-contact, 2.10.3-4 - 2.10.3-12
6. dropwise, 2.6.5-1 - 2.6.5-11
1. promoters for, 2.6.5-1 - 2.5.6-2
2. effect of non-condensing gas on, 2.6.5-2
3. mechanisms of, 2.6.5-2 - 2.6.5-4
7. film, introduction to, 2.1.7-4 - 2.1.7-6
8. filmwise, of pure vapor, 2.6.2-1 - 2.6.2-19
1. outside horizontal and inclined tubes, 2.6.2-8 - 2.6.2-12
2. outside horizontal and inclined tubes, 3.4.6-3
3. inside horizontal tubes 2.6.2-12 - 2.6.2-15
4. inside horizontal tubes 3.4.6-2
5. interfacial resistance in, 2.6.2-14
6. liquid metals, 2.6.2-15 - 2.6.2-16
1. conditions producing supersaturation, 2.6.7-2 - 2.6.7-3
2. design to minimize, 2.6.7-3
10. fogging in 2.6.7-1 - 2.6.7-4
11. in horizontal tubes, flow regimes in, 2.3.2-7
12. in microchannels, 2.13.6-1 - 2.13.6-30
1. applications of, 2.13.6-1 - 2.13.6-2
2. flow regimes in horizontal channels with, 2.13.6-2 - 2.13.6-5
3. flow regimes in vertical channels with, 2.13.6-5
13. in multistage flash evaporator systems, 3.22.2-8 - 3.22.2-11
16. in plate exchangers, 3.7.3-5
17. in plate fin heat exchangers, 3.9.13-1 - 3.9.13-2
18. of vapor mixture 2.6.3-1 - 2.6.3-25
1. approximate method, 2.6.3-2 - 2.6.3-7
2. binary vapor mixtures, 2.6.3-7 - 2.6.3-13
20. of vapor mixtures forming immiscible liquids 2.6.3-13
21. of vapor mixtures forming immiscible liquids 2.6.4-1 - 2.6.4-16
23. eutectic mixtures, 2.6.4-2 - 2.6.4-3
28. Condenser/preheater tubes, in multistage flash evaporation, 3.22.2-8 - 3.22.2-11
29. Condensers:
1. approximate overall heat transfer coefficients in, 2.1.2-3
2. condensate subcooling in, 2.6.3-16 - 2.6.3-17
3. design procedures for 3.4.4-1 - 3.4.4-3
1. inside tubes, 3.4.9-2 - 3.4.9-3
2. outside tubes, 3.4.9-3 - 3.4.9-4
4. design procedures for 3.4.9-1 - 3.4.9-4
5. direct-contact, 3.20.1-1 - 3.20.4-9
1. bubble-type, 3.20.4-1 - 3.20.4-5
2. drop-type, 3.20.2-1 - 3.20.2-9
3. film-type, 3.20.3-1 - 3.20.3-5
6. discussion of types, 3.4.3-1 - 3.4.3-8
1. horizontal, outside tubes, 3.4.3-3 - 3.4.3-6
2. turbine exhaust (surface condensers), 3.4.3-6 - 3.4.3-8
3. vertical downflow, 3.4.3-1 - 3.4.3-2
8. fogging in 2.6.7-1 - 2.6.7-4
10. fouling in, 3.4.5-2
11. heat transfer in, 3.4.6-1 - 3.4.6-4
12. in Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) systems, 3.22.3-12 - 3.22.3-15
13. introduction to, 3.4.1-1 - 3.4.1-2
14. mean temperature difference in, 3.4.8-1 - 3.4.8-3
15. operational problems in 3.4.5-1 - 3.4.5-3
1. condensate freezing, 3.18.4-2
4. freezing of condensate, 3.4.5-2 - 3.4.5-3
5. inadequate condensate drainage, 3.4.5-2
6. overcapacity, 3.4.5-1 - 3.4.5-2
16. operational problems in 3.18.4-1 - 3.18.4-3
17. pressure drop in, 3.4.7-1 - 3.4.7-2
18. reflux, design of, 2.6.3-21 - 2.6.3-22
19. temperature patterns in, 1.1.3-1 - 1.1.3-2
1. estimation of using molecular dynamics methods, 2.17.7-18
31. Cooling curves, in condensation, 2.6.3-2 - 2.6.3-5
1. in axial flow reboilers, 3.6.2-9 - 3.6.2-13
2. in countercurrent flow, 2.7.3-33 - 2.7.3-34
3. enhancement of, in boiling in tubes, 2.7.9-19 - 2.7.9-26
5. in flow in horizontal tubes, 2.7.4-7 - 2.7.4-8
6. in flow in inclined tubes, 2.7.4-8
7. in flow in vertical annuli, 2.7.3-25
8. in flow in vertical tubes, 2.7.3-17 - 2.7.3-37
9. in forced convective boiling of binary and multicomponent departure from nucleate boiling, 2.7.8-9 - 2.7.8-11
10. in kettle reboilers, 3.6.2-5 - 3.6.2-7
11. mechanisms of, 2.7.3-26 - 2.7.3-28
12. in microchannels, 2.13.4-19 - 2.13.4-23
13. with nonaqueous fluids, 2.7.3-34 - 2.7.3-37
14. in pool boiling, 2.7.2-13 - 2.7.2-17
1. geometric effects in, 2.7.2-14 - 2.7.2-16
2. liquid viscosity effects on, 2.7.2-14
4. subcooling effects on, 2.7.2-16 - 2.7.2-17
15. in pool boiling of binary and multicomponent mixtures, 2.7.7-6 - 2.7.7-8
16. in rectangular channels, 2.7.3-20
17. in rod bundles, 2.7.3-21 - 2.7.3-22
18. outside single tubes in crossflow, 2.7.5-3 - 2.7.5-5
34. Cylinders:
35. Density:
36. Desuperheaters for use in association with evaporators, 3.5.4-4
37. Differential condensation:
38. Direct-contact condensers, 3.20.1-1 - 3.20.4-5
1. effect of incondensable vapors in, 3.20.4-2
2. Florschuetz and Chao equation for bubble collapse in, 3.20.4-1
3. Jacobs and Major model for condensation of vapour forming immiscible liquids in, 3.20.4-2
4. use as vapor suppression systems, 3.20.4-4
5. Wittke and Chao model for collapse of moving bubble in, 3.20.4-1
2. bubble-type 3.20.4-1 - 3.20.4-5
3. drop-type, 3.20.2-1 - 3.20.2-9
1. barometric condenser, 3.20.1-2
2. condensation on jets and sheets in, 3.20.2-3 - 3.20.2-8
3. energy balances for, 3.20.2-1 - 3.20.2-3
4. Jacobs and Cook equation for drop growth in, 3.20.2-2
5. Lekic and Ford equation for drop velocity in, 3.20.1-1
1. condensation on a film flowing down a plate, 3.20.3-1 - 3.20.3-3
2. condensation on a film flowing over sphere, 3.20.3-3 - 3.20.3-4
3. effect of noncondensables in, 3.20.3-3 - 3.20.3-4
4. packed-bed condenser, 3.20.1-3
5. volumetric heat transfer coefficients in packed bed condensers, 3.20.3-3
39. Distillation:
40. Distribution:
1. annular, in shell-and-tube heat exchangers, 3.3.5-11
41. Drop-type direct-contact condensers, 3.20.2-1 - 3.20.2-9
1. barometric condenser, 3.20.1-2
2. condensation on drops and sheets in, 3.20.2-3 - 3.20.2-8
3. energy balances for, 3.20.2-1 - 3.20.2-3
4. Jacobs and Cook equation for drop growth in, 3.20.2-2
5. Lekic and Ford equation for drop velocity in, 3.20.1-1
42. Droplets:
1. condensation on, 2.10.2-1 - 2.10.2-7
2. deposition and entrainment of, in annular flow, 2.3.2-21
3. formation of, 3.19.2-1 - 3.19.2-4
4. in direct contact heat transfer, 2.10.2-4 - 2.10.2-6
5. nucleation of in supersaturated vapors, 2.6.7-1 - 2.6.7-2
6. on solid surfaces, molecular dynamics simulation of, 2.13.7-16 - 2.13.7-19
7. size in liquid-liquid dispersed flow, 2.3.5-22 - 2.3.5-24
43. Dropwise condensation 2.6.5-1 - 2.6.5-11
1. condensation of steam in, 2.6.5-4 - 2.6.5-8
2. effect of non-condensing gas on, 2.6.5-2
6. mechanisms of, 2.6.5-2 - 2.6.5-4
7. of organic fluids, 2.6.5-8 - 2.6.5-9
8. promotors for, 2.6.5-1 - 2.6.5-2
44. Dropwise condensation 2.6.6-5
45. Dryers:
1. classification and selection, 3.13.2-1 - 3.13.2-4
2. introduction, 3.13.1-1 - 3.13.1-2
3. layout and performance data, 3.13.3-1 - 3.13.3-5
1. description of drying process in the Mollier chart, 3.13.3-4 - 3.13.3-5
4. practical design, 3.13.7-1 - 3.13.7-3
5. prediction of drying rates in, 3.13.4-1 - 3.13.4-5
6. prediction of residence time in: with nonprescribed material flow, 3.13.6-1
46. Drying, combined heat and mass transfer in, 2.1.6-1 - 2.1.6-2
47. Drying loft, 3.13.2-3
48. Drying rates, prediction of, 3.13.4-1 - 3.13.4-5
49. Dryout:
50. Energy equation:
52. Enthalpy:
53. Entrainment in annular gas-liquid flow 2.3.2-11
54. Entrainment in annular gas-liquid flow 2.7.3-24
55. Evaporation:
1. direct contact, 2.10.3-1 - 2.10.3-4
2. flow regimes in, 2.3.2-6 - 2.3.2-7
3. fouling in, 3.17.7-9 - 3.17.7-10
5. interfacial resistance in, 2.1.7-8
56. Evaporative crystallisers, 3.5.2-10 - 3.5.2-12
57. Evaporators:
1. arrangements for thermal economy, 3.5.3-1 - 3.5.3-4
2. choice of tube diameter for, 3.5.5-3
3. choice of type of, 3.5.5-1 - 3.5.5-3
4. design aspects, 3.5.4-1 - 3.5.4-5
1. condensers for, 3.5.4-2 - 3.5.4-3
2. crystallisers, 3.5.4-4 - 3.5.4-5
3. desuperheaters for, 3.5.4-4
5. estimation of heat transfer coefficients in, 3.5.7-1 - 3.5.7-6
1. boiling liquid, 3.5.7-3 - 3.5.7-5
2. critical heat flux, 3.5.7-5
3. dry wall convection, 3.5.7-5
4. liquid falling film evaporation, 3.5.7-3
5. mixture effects, 3.5.7-4 - 3.5.7-5
6. nucleate boiling, 3.5.7-3 - 3.5.7-4
6. estimation of pressure drop and circulation in, 3.5.6-2
7. estimation of surface area in, 3.5.8-4
8. in Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) systems 3.22.2-12 - 3.22.2-15
10. as type of heat exchanger, 1.1.5-2
2. bayonet-tube, 3.5.2-1 - 3.5.2-2
3. climbing film, 3.5.2-5 - 3.5.2-6
4. evaporative crystallisers, 3.5.2-10 - 3.5.2-12
5. falling film 3.5.2-6 - 3.5.2-7
6. falling film 3.6.1-7 - 3.6.1-8
7. horizontal shell side, 3.5.2-1
8. horizontal tube side, 3.5.2-7 - 3.5.2-8
1. description of, 3.5.2-6 - 3.5.2-7
2. heat transfer coefficient in, 3.5.7-3
4. operational problems in, 3.18.5-3
5. as vaporizer, 3.6.1-7 - 3.6.1-8
59. Falling film plate evaporator, 3.7.4-6 - 3.7.4-7
60. Film boiling:
1. in axial flow reboilers, 3.6.2-9
2. in crossflow over single cylinder, 2.7.5-5
3. in forced convective boiling on vertical surfaces, 2.7.3-38 - 2.7.3-39
4. in kettle reboilers, 3.6.2-5 - 3.6.2-7
61. Film cooler, approximate overall heat transfer coefficients in, 2.1.2-4
62. Film model, condenser design by 2.6.3-17
63. Film model, condenser design by 2.6.4-8 - 2.6.4-13
64. Film temperature, definition of for turbulent flow over flat plate, 2.2.1-34
65. Film-type direct-contact condensers 3.20.1-3
1. condensation on a film flowing over a sphere, 3.20.3-1 - 3.20.3-3
2. effect of noncondensables in, 3.20.3-3 - 3.20.3-4
3. packed-bed condenser, 3.20.1-3
4. volumetric heat transfer coefficients in packed bed type, 3.20.3-3
66. Film-type direct-contact condensers 3.20.3-1 - 3.20.3-5
67. Films in heat exchangers, 1.1.4-2
1. in Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC), 3.22.3-9 - 3.22.3-12
2. #%common_industrial_applications%#, 3.22.1-2 - 3.22.1-3
3. mathematical models for, 3.22.2-34 - 3.22.2-50
1. multistage flash with brine recirculation (MSF), 3.22.2-45 - 3.22.2-50
2. multistage flash, once thorugh (MSF-OT), 3.22.2-40 - 3.22.2-45
4. multistage flashing, stage in, 3.22.2-7 - 3.22.2-54
1. condenser/preheater tubes in, 3.22.2-8 - 3.22.2-11
2. interstage brine transfer devices for, 3.22.2-30 - 3.22.2-34
5. nature of, 3.22.1-1 - 3.22.1-2
70. Flash evaporation 3.22.1-1 - 3.22.3-20
1. in gas-liquid flow in vertical tubes, 2.3.2-21 - 2.3.2-23
2. in reflux condensation 2.6.2-7 - 2.6.2-9
3. in reflux condensation 3.4.3-2 - 3.4.3-3
4. Pushkina and Sorokin correlation for, 2.3.2-22
5. as source of critical heat flux limitation in countercurrent flow:
72. Florschuetz and Chao method, for bubble collapse in bubble-type direct-contact condenser, 3.20.4-2
74. Flow regimes:
1. in boiling outside single horizontal tubes, 2.7.5-1
2. in boiling in horizontal tubes, 2.7.4-1 - 2.7.4-4
3. in combined free and forced convection in pipes 2.5.10-3
4. in combined free and forced convection in pipes 2.5.10-30
5. in combined free and forced convection around immersed bodies, 2.5.9-1 - 2.5.9-4
6. in condensation-forming immiscible liquids, 2.6.4-2
9. in gas-liquid flow, 2.3.2-1 - 2.3.2-7
1. horizontal tubes, 2.3.2-2 - 2.3.2-4
2. in microchannels 2.13.4-4 - 2.13.4-6
3. in microchannels 2.13.5-5 - 2.13.5-12
4. in microchannels 2.13.6-2 - 2.13.6-5
5. inclined tubes, 2.3.2-4 - 2.3.2-5
6. shell-and-tube heat exchangers 2.3.2-5 - 2.3.2-6
7. shell-and-tube heat exchangers 3.4.7-2
8. systems with phase change 2.3.2-6 - 2.3.2-7
9. systems with phase change 2.13.4-4 - 2.13.4-6
10. systems with phase change 2.13.6-2 - 2.13.6-5
11. vertical tubes, 2.3.2-1 - 2.3.2-2
10. influence of free convection on, in horizontal pipe flow, 2.2.2-6
11. in liquid-liquid flow 2.3.5-1 - 2.3.5-7
12. in liquid-liquid flow 2.3.5-24 - 2.3.5-29
13. in liquid-liquid-gas flow, 2.3.6-1 - 2.3.6-4
14. in natural convection in enclosures, 2.5.8-6 - 2.5.8-8
15. in single-phase flow in tube banks, 2.2.4-1 - 2.2.4-3
76. Fluidized bed gravity conveyors, 2.3.3-7 - 2.3.3-9
77. Fluidized beds:
1. bed-to-solid surface heat transfer in, 2.8.4-1 - 2.8.4-14
1. influence of bed voidage or gas velocity, 2.8.4-9
2. influence of gas properties, 2.8.4-7
3. influence of particle properties, 2.8.4-5 - 2.8.4-7
4. influence of temperature and pressure, 2.8.4-7 - 2.8.4-9
5. interphase gas convective component, 2.8.4-3
6. particle convective component, 2.8.4-3 - 2.8.4-4
2. fluid-to-particle heat transfer in, 2.5.5-1 - 2.5.5-6
1. introduction, 2.5.5-1 - 2.5.5-2
3. fouling in, 3.17.7-22 - 3.17.7-23
4. single-phase fluid flow and pressure drop in, 2.2.6-1 - 2.2.6-22
1. bubble behaviour in, 2.2.6-8 - 2.2.6-12
2. circulating fluidized beds, 2.2.6-13 - 2.2.6-21
3. distributor effects in, 2.2.6-12 - 2.2.6-13
4. gas-solids fluidized beds, 2.2.6-7 - 2.2.6-20
5. liquid fluidized beds, 2.2.6-6 - 2.2.6-7
6. minimum fluidization velocity, 2.2.6-3 - 2.2.6-5
7. powder type in, 2.2.6-7 - 2.2.6-8
8. pressure drop, 2.2.6-2 - 2.2.6-3
9. solids circulation in, 2.2.6-11 - 2.2.6-12
10. state diagram for, 2.2.6-5 - 2.2.6-6
78. Fluids:
79. Fogging in condensation 2.6.7-1 - 2.6.7-4
80. Fogging in condensation 3.4.5-2
82. Foam systems, heat transfer in, 2.12.1-1 - 2.12.2-9
1. bubble size in, 2.12.1-4 - 2.12.1-5
2. dynamically stable foam, 2.12.1-1
3. pressure drop in, 2.12.1-3 - 2.12.1-4
83. Four phase flows, examples, 2.3.1-2
84. Friction multipliers in gas-liquid flow:
1. applications of one-dimensional equations, 2.3.2-7 - 2.3.2-18
1. conservation equations, 2.3.2-8 - 2.3.2-9
2. correlation for void fraction, 2.3.2-13 - 2.3.2-15
3. frictional pressure drop in straight channels, 2.3.2-9 - 2.3.2-12
4. pressure changes across singularities, 2.3.2-15 - 2.3.2-18
2. critical two-phase flow, 2.3.2-26 - 2.3.2-29
3. flow patterns in, 2.3.2-1 - 2.3.2-7
1. horizontal tubes, 2.3.2-2 - 2.3.2-4
2. shell-and-tube heat exchangers, 2.3.2-5 - 2.3.2-6
3. in systems with phase change, 2.3.2-6 - 2.3.2-7
4. hydrodynamics of specific flow regimes (horizontal), 2.3.2-23 - 2.3.2-26
1. annular flow, 2.3.2-25 - 2.3.2-26
2. slug flow, 2.3.2-24 - 2.3.2-25
5. hydrodynamics of specific flow regimes (vertical), 2.3.2-18 - 2.3.2-23
1. annular flow, 2.3.2-19 - 2.3.2-21
2. bubble flow, 2.3.2-18 - 2.3.2-19
86. Gas-liquid-solid interfaces, fouling at, 3.17.2-14
88. Heat exchangers:
89. Heat of vaporisation (see Enthalpy of vaporisation), of pure substances 5.5.1-1 - 5.5.1-178
90. Heat of vaporisation (see Enthalpy of vaporisation), of pure substances 5.5.10-1 - 5.5.10-175
91. Heat transfer:
92. Heat transfer coefficient:
1. in boiling in a vertical tube, 2.7.3-1 - 2.7.3-50
2. in boiling in horizontal tubes, bends, and coils, 2.7.4-1 - 2.7.4-12
3. in boiling in microchannels, 2.13.4-1 - 2.13.4-27
4. in boiling of binary and multicomponent mixtures: forced convective, 2.7.8-1 - 2.7.8-10
1. pool boiling, 2.7.7-1 - 2.7.7-7
5. in boiling on outside of single tubes and tube banks 2.7.5-1 - 2.7.5-7
7. in pool boiling, 2.7.2-1 - 2.7.2-24
8. in reboilers, 3.6.2-1 - 3.6.2-12
94. Heat of vaporization, 5.1.3-4 - 5.1.3-7
95. Helical coils of circular cross section:
1. augmentation of condensation heat transfer using, 2.6.6-23
2. convective boiling in, 2.7.4-9 - 2.7.4-10
3. dryout in evaporative heat transfer in, 2.7.4-9 - 2.7.4-10
98. Honeycombs:
100. Horizontal pipes:
101. Horizontal surfaces:
102. Horizontal thermosiphon reboilers:
103. Horizontal tube-side evaporator, 3.5.2-7 - 3.5.2-8
104. Horizontal tubes:
1. boiling outside with crossflow, 2.7.5-1 - 2.7.5-4
2. condensation on inside 2.6.2-12 - 2.6.2-15
3. condensation on inside 3.4.6-1 - 3.4.6-2
4. condensation on outside of 2.6.2-8 - 2.6.2-12
5. condensation on outside of 3.4.6-3
6. convective boiling in, 2.7.4-1 - 2.7.4-8
7. flow regimes in gas-liquid flow in, 2.3.2-2 - 2.3.2-4
8. hydrodynamics of various two-phase flow regimes in, 2.3.2-23 - 2.3.2-26
1. annular flow, 2.3.2-25 - 2.3.2-26
2. slug flow, 2.3.2-24 - 2.3.2-25
105. Immersed tubes, in fluidized beds, heat transfer to, 2.8.4-6 - 2.8.4-7
106. Immiscible liquids, condensation of vapors producing 2.6.4-1 - 2.6.4-16
107. Impinging jets:
108. Inclined pipes:
109. Jens and Lottes correlation for subcooled forced convective boiling of water, 2.7.3-8
110. Kandlikar correlation, for forced convective boiling, 2.7.3-16
111. Katto and Ohne correlation, for critical heat flux in forced convective boiling, 2.7.3-35 - 2.7.3-36
112. Kettle reboilers:
1. calculation procedures for, 3.6.5-1 - 3.6.5-2
2. characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages of, 3.6.1-2 - 3.6.1-3
3. construction features, 4.2.3-7 - 4.2.3-8
4. thermal design 2.7.5-8 - 2.7.5-9
1. convection effects, 3.6.2-3 - 3.6.2-4
2. critical heat flux and film boiling, 3.6.2-8
3. effective mean temperature difference, 3.6.2-5
5. flow distribution and hydraulics, 3.6.2-7 - 3.6.2-8
6. mixture effects, 3.6.2-4 - 3.6.2-5
5. thermal design 3.6.2-1 - 3.6.2-7
113. Laminar flow:
114. Liquid-liquid-gas flow, 2.3.6-1 - 2.3.6-10
3. flow patterns in, 2.3.6-1 - 2.3.6-4
4. homogeneous model for, 2.3.6-8 - 2.3.6-9
5. phase inversion in, 2.3.6-9
6. slug flow in
115. Liquids:
116. Lockhart and Martinelli correlations:
117. Lost work in unit operations/exergy analysis, 1.9.5-1 - 1.9.5-11
118. Low-finned tubes:
1. use in boiling augmentation, 2.7.9-27 - 2.7.9-30
119. Martinelli and Nelson correlations:
120. Mass transfer:
121. Maximum heat flux:
122. Maximum mass flux:
123. Mean temperature difference:
1. in condensers, 3.4.8-1 - 3.4.8-3
124. Mechanical design of heat exchangers:
125. Melting, thermal conduction in, 2.4.4-1 - 2.4.4-2
126. Melting point:
127. Membrane-wall waste heat boilers, 3.16.2-3 - 3.16.2-4
128. Metals:
129. Minimum velocity for fluidization, 2.2.6-3 - 2.2.6-5
130. Minimum wetting rate, for binary mixtures, 2.7.8-11
131. Mist flow:
1. in axial flow reboilers, 3.6.2-12
2. onset, as mechanism for critical heat flux in reboilers, 3.6.2-10 - 3.6.2-12
132. Mixtures:
133. Molecular dynamics methods, 2.13.7-1 - 2.13.7-33
134. Mollier chart, for humid air, 3.13.1-1
135. Momentum equation:
1. boiling of, in kettle reboilers, 3.6.2-4 - 3.6.2-5
2. boiling of, in evaporators, 3.5.7-4 - 3.5.7-5
3. forced convective boiling of, 2.7.8-1 - 2.7.8-14
1. combined heat and mass transfer in, 2.7.8-2 - 2.7.8-9
2. critical heat flux in, 2.7.8-9 - 2.7.8-11
3. maldistribution effects in, 2.7.8-5 - 2.7.8-9
4. of gases, radiation properties of, 2.9.5-11 - 2.9.5-12
5. phase equilibria in, 2.7.6-3 - 2.7.6-5
6. physical properties, 5.2.1-1 - 5.2.5-5
1. diffusion coefficients, 5.2.5-1 - 5.2.5-5
2. interfacial tension, 5.2.4-1 - 5.2.4-4
7. pool boiling, 2.7.7-1 - 2.7.7-11
137. Multiphase fluid flow and pressure drop:
1. introduction and fundamentals, 2.3.1-1 - 2.3.1-10
1. classification of multiphase flows, 2.3.1-1 - 2.3.1-2
2. conservation equations for, 2.3.1-3 - 2.3.1-7
2. liquid-liquid-gas flow, 2.3.6-1 - 2.3.6-10
3. flow patterns in, 2.3.6-1 - 2.3.6-4
4. homogeneous model for, 2.3.6-8 - 2.3.6-9
5. phase inversion in, 2.3.6-9
6. slug flow in 2.3.6-1 - 2.3.6-3
7. slug flow in 2.3.6-7 - 2.3.6-8
3. liquid-liquid flow, 2.3.5-1 - 2.3.5-40
1. core annular, 2.3.5-10 - 2.3.5-14
2. dispersed, 2.3.5-14 - 2.3.5-24
3. flow patterns, 2.3.5-1 - 2.3.5-7
4. stratified, 2.3.5-7 - 2.3.5-10
138. Multiple effect evaporation, 3.5.3-1 - 3.5.3-2
139. Multistage flash evaporation (MSF)
1. brine transfer devices in, 3.22.2-30 - 3.22.2-34
2. condenser/preheater tubes in, 3.22.2-8 - 3.22.2-11
3. ejectors for, 3.22.2-14 - 3.22.2-23
140. Natural convection:
141. Nitric oxide:
143. Noncondensables:
4. in condensation 2.6.3-5 - 2.6.3-7
144. Nonuniform heat flux, critical heat flux with, 2.7.3-23 - 2.7.3-25
145. Nozzles:
146. Nucleate boiling:
1. augmentation of, 2.7.9-1 - 2.7.9-40
2. in axial flow reboilers, 3.6.2-8 - 3.6.2-9
3. in evaporators, 3.5.7-3 - 3.5.7-4
4. in forced convective boiling of binary and multicomponent mixtures, 2.7.8-1 - 2.7.8-2
5. in forced convective heat transfer in vertical tubes, 2.7.3-1 - 2.7.3-17
6. in horizontal tubes, 2.7.4-1 - 2.7.4-8
7. in kettle reboilers, 3.6.2-1 - 3.6.2-4
8. in microchannels, 2.13.4-14 - 2.13.4-16
9. outside tubes and tube bundles in crossflow, 2.7.5-6 - 2.7.5-9
10. in pool boiling of binary and multicomponent mixtures, 2.7.7-1 - 2.7.7-4
11. in pool boiling systems, 2.7.2-3 - 2.7.2-13
1. correlations for, 2.7.2-4 - 2.7.2-10
3. influence of dissolved gases on, 2.7.2-11
4. influence of gravitational acceleration on, 2.7.2-12 - 2.7.2-13
5. influence of liquid subcooling on, 2.7.2-12
6. influence of size and orientation of surface on, 2.7.2-12
7. influence of surface conditions on, 2.7.2-10 - 2.7.2-11
8. influence of system pressure on, 2.7.2-10
9. influence of wettability of surface on, 2.7.2-10 - 2.7.2-11
147. Nucleation:
1. augmentation devices for, 2.7.9-1 - 2.7.9-40
2. in binary systems, 2.7.6-5 - 2.7.6-6
3. heterogeneous, in boiling, 2.7.1-5 - 2.7.1-7
4. homogeneous, of vapor bubble in liquid, 2.7.1-3 - 2.7.1-4
148. Nucleation sites:
1. critical size for nucleation: in pool boiling, 2.7.2-2 - 2.7.2-3
149. Nuclei, formation in supersaturated vapor, 2.6.7-1 - 2.6.7-2
150. Numerical methods:
151. Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC), 3.22.3-1 - 3.22.3-20
1. closed cycle OTEC, 3.22.3-3 - 3.22.3-5
2. condensers for, 3.22.3-12 - 3.22.3-15
3. evaporators, for, 3.22.3-12 - 3.22.3-15
152. Once-through multistage flash evaporators, (MSF-OT)
1. of condensers, 3.4.5-1 - 3.4.5-3
154. Orifices:
155. Packed-bed condensers, 3.20.1-3
156. Partial boiling in subcooled forced convective heat transfer, 2.7.3-9 - 2.7.3-10
157. Phase change heat transfer in porous media, 2.11.7-2
158. Phase change number, 2.4.4-1
159. Phase equilibrium:
160. Phase inversion
161. Phase separation, as source of corrosion problems, 4.5.3-5
162. Pipes, circular:
1. boiling of binary and multicomponent mixtures in, 2.7.8-1 - 2.7.8-14
2. combined free and forced convection in, 2.5.10-1 - 2.5.10-49
1. in condensers, 3.4.1-1 - 3.4.9-5
3. flow boiling in: horizontal pipes, 2.7.4-1 - 2.7.4-10
4. heat transfer to, in fluidized beds, 2.8.4-6 - 2.8.4-7
5. two-phase gas-liquid flow in, 2.3.2-1 - 2.3.2-33
6. use in shell-and-tube heat exchangers for single-phase flow, 3.3.1-1 - 3.3.11-5
163. Piping components:
164. Plate fin heat exchangers 1.1.4-2
1. augmentation of condensation in, 2.6.6-23
2. recent theory and data on vaporization and condensation in, 3.9.13-1 - 3.9.13-4
165. Plate fin heat exchangers 3.9.1-1 - 3.9.1-2
167. Plate evaporator 3.5.2-9
1. advantages and limitations, 3.7.4-1 - 3.7.4-2
2. thermal configuration, 3.7.4-2 - 3.7.4-4
1. mechanical vapour recompression, 3.7.4-3 - 3.7.4-4
3. types of, 3.7.4-4 - 4.7.4-7
1. falling film, 3.7.4-7 - 3.7.4-7
2. rising film, 3.7.4-4 - 3.7.4-6
168. Plate evaporator 3.7.4-1 - 3.7.4-7
169. Plates:
170. Plug flow:
1. regions of occurrence: in horizontal flow, 2.3.2-2 - 2.3.2-4
171. Plug flow model, for furnaces, 3.11.5-1 - 3.11.5-2
172. Pool boiling, 2.1.7-6 - 2.1.7-8
1. augmentation of heat transfer in, 2.7.9-1 - 2.7.9-10
2. of binary and multicomponent mixtures, 2.7.7-1 - 2.7.7-11
1. critical heat flux, 2.7.7-6 - 2.7.7-8
2. film boiling, 2.7.7-8 - 2.7.7-9
3. boiling curve for, 2.7.2-1 - 2.7.2-2
4. critical heat flux in, 2.7.2-13 - 2.7.2-17
1. geometric effects on, 2.7.2-14
2. liquid viscosity effect on, 2.7.2-14 - 2.7.2-15
3. mechanisms of, 2.7.2-13 - 2.7.2-14
5. film boiling in, 2.7.2-19 - 2.7.2-20
6. minimum heat flux in, 2.7.2-18
7. nucleate boiling, 2.7.2-3 - 2.7.2-13
1. correlations, 2.7.2-4 - 2.7.2-10
3. influence of dissolved gas on, 2.7.2-11
4. influence of gravitational acceleration on, 2.7.2-12 - 2.7.2-13
5. influence of liquid subcooling on, 2.7.2-12
6. influence of size and orientation of surface on, 2.7.2-12
7. influence of surface conditions on, 2.7.2-10 - 2.7.2-11
8. influence of system pressure on, 2.7.2-10
9. influence of wettability of surface on, 2.7.2-10 - 2.7.2-11
173. Porous media, heat transfer in, 2.11.1-1 - 2.11.7-4
174. Postdryout heat transfer:
175. Potential functions, for use in molecular dynamics simulations, 2.13.7-2 - 2.13.7-10
1. effective pair potential for water, 2.13.7-4 - 2.13.7-5
2. embedded atom method for, 2.13.7-7 - 2.13.7-10
3. for larger molecules in liquid phase, 2.13.7-5 - 2.13.7-6
4. Leonard-Jones potential, 2.13.7-3 - 2.13.7-4
176. Powders:
177. Prandtl number 1.2.3-4
178. Prandtl number 2.1.3-3
179. Precipitation (crystallization) fouling, 3.17.2-1
180. Precipitation hardening, of stainless steels, 4.5.6-6
181. Precommissioning, of waste heat boilers, 3.16.4-1 - 3.16.4-2
182. Pressure drop:
1. in evaporators,/ 3.5.6-1 - 3.5.6-2
2. in fluidized beds, 2.2.6-2 - 2.2.6-3
3. in foam systems, 2.12.1-3 - 2.12.1-4
4. in gas-liquid flow, 2.3.2-7 - 2.3.2-18
1. frictional, in straight pipes, 2.3.2-9 - 2.3.2-12
2. in shell-and-tube heat exchangers, 2.3.2-12 - 2.3.2-13
3. in singularities, 2.3.2-15 - 2.3.2-18
7. in multiphase systems, 2.3.1-1 - 2.3.1-10
10. in vertical tubes with subcooled boiling, 2.7.3-10 - 2.7.3-11
183. Promoters, in dropwise condensation, 2.6.5-1 - 2.6.5-2
184. Quality, in multiphase flows:
185. Quench boilers, 3.16.2-5
186. Temperature distribution:
188. Thermoexel surface, for enhancement of boiling, 2.7.9-2
189. Thermosiphon
190. Theta (Dimensionless temperature difference)1.5.1-4
191. Theta-NTU method:
1. application to single-pass counter and cocurrent flow exchangers 1.3.1-2 - 1.3.1-4
2. application to single-pass counter and cocurrent flow exchangers 1.5.2-1 - 1.5.2-2
3. for calculation of heat exchangers 1.2.4-5
4. for calculation of heat exchangers 1.5.2-1 - 1.5.3-16
5. charts and equations for heat exchanger design, 1.5.2-2 - 1.5.3-16
1. both streams mixed, 1.5.3-3
2. four tube rows, four passes, unmixed, 1.5.3-10
3. four tube rows, one pass, unmixed, 1.5.3-7
4. four tube rows, two passes, mixed, 1.5.3-11
5. one tube row, unmixed, 1.5.3-4
6. three tube rows, one pass, unmixed, 1.5.3-6
7. three tube rows, three passes, unmixed, 1.5.3-9
8. E-shell with even number of passes, 1.5.2-5
1. five E-shells in series, 1.5.2-9
2. four E-shells in series, 1.5.2-8
3. six E-shells in series, 1.5.2-10
9. E-shell, three tube side passes, 1.5.2-12
10. G-shell, even number of tube passes, 1.5.2-16
11. J-shell, even number of tube passes, 1.5.2-14
192. Three-phase flows:
3. flow patterns in, 2.3.6-1 - 2.3.6-4
4. homogeneous model for, 2.3.6-8 - 2.3.6-9
5. phase inversion in, 2.3.6-9
6. slug flow in 2.3.6-1 - 2.3.6-3
7. slug flow in 2.3.6-6 - 2.3.6-8
193. Tong F-factor method, for critical heat flux with nonuniform heating, 2.7.3-24 - 2.7.3-25
194. Transition boiling:
1. in binary and forced convective boiling, 2.7.7-5
195. Triple interface (gas/solid/liquid), 2.3.1-2
196. Tube banks, plain:
1. boiling on outside of tubes within, 2.7.5-5 - 2.7.5-11
2. condensation in horizontal, 2.6.2-10 - 2.6.2-12
197. Turbine agitators:
198. Turbine exhaust condensers:
200. Turbulent flow:
201. Twisted tapes:
1. enhancement of boiling heat transfer by, 2.7.9-19 - 2.7.9-22
2. as inserts for augmentation of heat transfer, 2.5.11-4 - 2.5.11-5
202. Two-phase flows:
203. UNIFAC method, for estimation of thermodynamic properties of mixtures, 5.2.2-6 - 5.2.2-9
204. Uniform heat flux:
205. U-tube (vertical) waste heat boilers, 3.16.2-7 - 3.16.2-8
206. Vacuum condensers, air-cooled, 3.8.9-2 - 3.8.9-3
207. Vacuum equipment, operational problems of,
208. Vacuum operation, of reboilers, 3.6.4-3
209. Valves:
210. Vapor blanketing, as mechanism of critical heat flux, 2.7.3-27
211. Vapor-liquid disengagement, in kettle reboilers, 3.6.2-7 - 3.6.2-8
212. Vapor-liquid separation, for evaporators, 3.5.4-1 - 3.5.4-2
213. Vapor mixtures, condensation of, 2.6.3-1 - 2.6.3-25
214. Vapor pressure, 5.1.3-1 - 5.1.3-4
1. Ambrose-Walton corresponding states method for, 5.1.3-3 - 5.1.3-4
2. Antoine equation for, 5.1.3-1
3. Gomez-Thodas method for, 5.1.3-2 - 5.1.3-3
4. Lee and Kesler equation for, 5.1.3-2
215. Vapor recompression, in evaporation, 3.5.3-2
216. Vapor suppression, 3.20.4-4
217. Vaporization, choice of evaporator type for, 3.5.5-2
218. Vaporizer, double bundle, constructional features, 4.2.3-9
219. Vaporizers, operational problems of, 3.18.5-1 - 3.18.5-4
220. Vapors, saturation properties of, 5.5.1-1 - 5.5.1-98
221. Vapors, properties of superheated, 5.5.10-1 - 5.5.10-21
222. Velocity ratio (slip ratio):
223. Venting of condensers 3.4.3-7 - 3.4.3-8
224. Venting of condensers 3.4.5-2
225. Vertical condensers:
226. Vertical pipes:
1. boiling in, 2.7.3-1 - 2.7.3-50
1. critical heat flux, 2.7.3-17 - 2.7.3-37
2. heat transfer in region where critical heat flux has been exceeded, 2.7.3-37 - 2.7.3-43
3. regimes of flow and heat transfer in, 2.7.3-1 - 2.7.3-6
2. bubble flow in, 2.3.2-18 - 2.3.2-19
3. combined free and forced convective heat transfer in, 2.5.10-2 - 2.5.10-29
4. condensation in, 2.6.2-2 - 2.6.2-8
1. effect of interfacial shear, 2.6.2-5 - 2.6.2-7
2. effect of waves and turbulence, 2.6.2-4 - 2.6.2-5
3. laminar flow, 2.6.2-2 - 2.6.2-4
5. condensers with condensation inside, 3.4.3-1 - 3.4.3-3
6. condensers with condensation outside 3.4.3-6
7. condensers with condensation outside 3.4.9-4
8. flooding in: in gas-liquid vertical flow, 2.3.2-21 - 2.3.2-23
9. flow regimes in gas-liquid flow in, 2.3.2-1 - 2.3.2-2
10. flow regimes in liquid-liquid flow in, 2.3.5-20 - 2.3.5-29
11. flow regimes in liquid-liquid flow in, 2.3.5-4 - 2.3.5-7
227. Vertical surfaces:
228. Vertical thermosiphon reboilers:
1. calculation procedures for, 3.6.5-3 - 3.6.5-4
2. heat transfer characteristics of, 3.6.2-8 - 3.6.2-13
1. convective and nucleate boiling, 3.6.2-9
2. film boiling in, 3.6.2-11 - 3.6.2-12
3. shell-side characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages, 3.6.1-6
4. tube-side characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages, 3.6.1-5 - 3.6.1-6
229. Virial equation:
230. Viscosity:
1. liquid, effect on critical heat flux in pool boiling, 2.7.2-12
231. Void fraction, 2.3.1-3
1. correlations for in gas-liquid flow, 2.3.2-13 - 2.3.2-15
2. in foams, 2.12.1-2 - 2.12.1-3
3. in microchannels, 2.13.4-3 - 2.13.4-4