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n-Pentane (C5H12) is a colorless, highly volatile liquid that is soluble in water. It is obtained by fractional distillation of petroleum. It forms an explosive and flammable mixture with air at low concentrations, in high concentrations it acts as a narcotic. Its main use is in the production of gasoline for internal combustion engines. It is also used as a solvent, in extraction processes and in low-temperature thermometers.

Molecular weight: 72.151 K Critical temperature: 469.6 K
Melting point: 143.4 K Critical pressure: 3.369 MPa
Normal boiling point: 309.2 KCritical density: 273.3 kg/m3

Table 1. Pentane: Values of thermophysical properties of the saturated liquid and vapor

Note. The values of thermophysical properties have been obtained from reference: Beaton, C. F. and Hewitt, G. F. (1989) Physical Property Data for the Design Engineer, Hemisphere Publishing Corporation, New York.

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